Gynecologic cancers are cancers that affect the female reproductive system, including the cervix, ovaries, uterus, vagina, and vulva. Anyone with female reproductive organs is at risk for these cancers.
According to the National Cancer Institute, it is estimated that more than 108,000 women in the United States will be diagnosed with a gynecologic cancer in 2024. Tragically, about 32,000 of these women are expected to lose their lives to one of these cancers. Each type of gynecologic cancer presents different signs, symptoms, and risk factors. However, the risk of developing any of these cancers generally increases with age.
Types of Gynecologic Cancers
- Cervical Cancer: A cancer that forms in the cervix, often related to HPV infection. Regular Pap smears are crucial for early detection.
- Ovarian Cancer: Known as the “silent killer” because it’s often diagnosed in later stages. Symptoms include bloating and pelvic discomfort.
- Uterine Cancer: The most common type is endometrial cancer, affecting the lining of the uterus. It is often detected due to abnormal bleeding.
- Vaginal Cancer: Rare, but treatable when detected early, vaginal cancer typically affects older women.
- Vulvar Cancer: Another rare form, vulvar cancer starts on the outer part of the female genitalia and is often discovered through skin changes or lumps.
Risk Factors and Prevention
While age is a common factor across most gynecologic cancers, other risks include HPV infection, family history, and lifestyle factors like obesity. Early detection is key to improving survival rates. Regular screenings such as Pap smears and HPV testing, as well as being vigilant about unusual symptoms like abnormal bleeding or persistent pain, are essential preventive measures.
Gynecologic Cancer Awareness Month is an important time to spread awareness and encourage women to prioritize their health through regular screenings and early detection. Remember, knowing the signs and catching these cancers early can save lives.
For more information or support services, visit Byrd Cancer Foundation’s Cancer Connect Navigator Program, where we help connect those affected by cancer to resources and care.
