Gastric cancer, or stomach cancer, develops in the lining of the stomach. It often progresses silently, with symptoms like bloating, heartburn, and nausea being attributed to common gastrointestinal issues. As the disease advances, patients may experience more concerning symptoms, such as difficulty swallowing, persistent abdominal pain, and unintended weight loss. By the time symptoms become severe, the cancer is frequently in advanced stages, making treatment more challenging.

Who Is Most Affected?
Globally, gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths. It disproportionately affects men, who are twice as likely to develop the disease compared to women. In the United States, it is more prevalent among Hispanic, Asian, and Black populations. Factors contributing to this disparity include differences in diet, exposure to Helicobacter pylori (a bacterium strongly associated with gastric cancer), and access to healthcare. Additionally, individuals with a family history of gastric cancer or hereditary syndromes like Lynch syndrome or hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) face significantly higher risks.

The Importance of Education and Prevention
Public education is essential in promoting dietary changes, regular screenings, and awareness of risk factors like H. pylori infection. Early detection can drastically improve outcomes. High-risk individuals, including those with family histories or genetic predispositions, should consider genetic counseling and testing. Identifying mutations in genes like CDH1 can lead to preventative measures, including increased monitoring or, in some cases, prophylactic surgery.

Resources for Support and Education

• No Stomach For Cancer: A nonprofit organization providing resources for individuals at risk of or affected by gastric cancer.
• American Gastroenterological Association (AGA): Offers screening guidelines and patient education tools.
• World Health Organization (WHO): Provides global statistics and prevention strategies for gastric cancer.

Advances in Research and Treatment
Emerging treatments, including immunotherapy and targeted therapies, show promise in improving survival rates. Continued investment in gastric cancer research is essential to understand the disease better and develop more effective interventions.